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HOW CAN SO MANY COMPUTERS CONNECT TOGETHER?

Computers are networked together and sharing of resources is a fame today. Many of you out there are speculating on, how can these so many computers in a home, office, society and even a nation can connect the computers together without any flaw.  There are billions of computer out there working all around the world.  How can this be?

 

THE RATIONAL OF TOPOLOGY

A topology describes how the part of the whole work together.  When studying networking, it is important to understand both the physical topology and the logical topology of a network.

PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY

This refers to a network's hardware & how computers, other devices and cables fit together to form a physical network.

LOGICAL TOPOLOGY

This type of topology approach has a lot to do with software, how access to the network is controlled, including how users and programs initially gain access to the network and how specific resources such as applications and databases are shared on the network.


THE TOPOLOGIES THAT MAKE THINGS HAPPEN

Small workgroup local area networks (LANs) whose computers are connected using a thinnet cable. Trunk cables connecting hubs or switches of departmental LANs to form a larger LAN. Backboning, by joining switches and routers to form campus-wide networks.

Depending on the type of computer network card, a coaxial cable or an RJ-45 network cable is used to connect them together.


RING TOPOLOGY




A ring topology is a network configuration where device connections create a circular data path. Each networked device is connected to two others, like points on a circle. Together, devices in a ring topology are referred to as a ring network.

In a ring network, packets of data travel from one device to the next until they reach their destination. Most ring topologies allow packets to travel only in one direction, called a unidirectional ring network. Others permit data to move in either direction, called bidirectional.

The major disadvantage of a ring topology is that if any individual connection in the ring is broken, the entire network is affected.

Depending on the network card used in each computer of the ring topology, a coaxial cable or an RJ-45 network cable is used to connect computers together.


STAR TOPOLOGY





A star topology is a topology for a Local Area Network (LAN) in which all nodes are individually connected to a central connection point, like a hub or a switch. A star takes more cable than, but the benefit is that if a cable fails, only one node will be brought down.

Twisted-pair cables with modular plugs are used to connect the computers and other networking devices.  At the center of a star network is either a switch or a hub. This connects the network devices and facilitates the transfer of data.

 A hub is a multiport repeater, meaning the data it receives is broadcast and seen by all devices connected to its ports. 

To minimize unnecessary data traffic and isolate sections of the network, a switch can  be used at the center of a star network. Each networking device, such as a computer, has a hardware or physical address. 




Reference: Computerhope.com





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